Columbia County, Georgia Economy
Non-metropolitan Georgia county · FIPS 13073
Columbia County economy at a glance
Columbia County’s unemployment rate was 3.1% in July 2026, 0.2 percentage points below the Georgia rate of 3.3% (U.S.: 4.1%). That ranks Columbia 52nd lowest among Georgia’s 159 counties. A year earlier it was 3.4%, so unemployment has fallen by 0.3 points over the past twelve months. Since 1990 the county’s rate has ranged from 2.4% (November 2000) to 8.8% (April 2020).
Columbia County had a civilian labor force of 76,239 people in July 2026, of whom 73,874 were employed and 2,365 were unemployed and looking for work. The labor force grew 1.8% from a year earlier, and the number of employed residents rose by 1,518.
With an estimated population of 159,638, Columbia is the 15th most populous county in Georgia. Its median household income of $96,122 is 73% above the median for Georgia counties ($55,714) and ranks 6th of 159. The median owner-occupied home is valued at $287,400, about 3.0 times the median household income. 79% of households own their home, and renters pay a median gross rent of $1,330 a month.
According to the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, private employers in Columbia County had about 36,156 jobs on average in 2025, with another 6,650 in federal, state and local government. The largest private sector is Retail Trade, with 6,973 jobs (19% of private employment). The highest-paying major sector is Professional & Technical Services, averaging $1,616 a week. The average private-sector weekly wage is $944, the 87th highest among Georgia counties.
Unemployment rate: Columbia vs. Georgia vs. U.S.
Employment & labor force
Private employment by industry
Average weekly wage by industry
Income & housing compared with Georgia
| Measure | Columbia | Median GA county | Rank of 159 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 159,638 | 23,840 | 15th |
| Median household income | $96,122 | $55,714 | 6th |
| Median home value | $287,400 | $161,000 | 20th |
| Median gross rent | $1,330/mo | $847/mo | 18th |
| Rent as % of income | 27.6% | 28.7% | 91st |
| Homeownership rate | 78.5% | 71.4% | 30th |
Recent monthly labor data
| Month | Unemp. rate | Employed | Unemployed | Labor force |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 2026 | 3.1% | 73,874 | 2,365 | 76,239 |
| Jun 2026 | 3.4% | 74,098 | 2,638 | 76,736 |
| May 2026 | 3.0% | 74,161 | 2,274 | 76,435 |
| Apr 2026 | 2.6% | 75,081 | 1,979 | 77,060 |
| Mar 2026 | 3.2% | 73,599 | 2,421 | 76,020 |
| Feb 2026 | 3.4% | 73,170 | 2,597 | 75,767 |
| Jan 2026 | 3.3% | 72,787 | 2,509 | 75,296 |
| Dec 2025 | 3.0% | 73,171 | 2,257 | 75,428 |
| Nov 2025 | 3.4% | 72,767 | 2,578 | 75,345 |
| Sep 2025 | 3.2% | 72,861 | 2,409 | 75,270 |
| Aug 2025 | 3.5% | 72,235 | 2,640 | 74,875 |
| Jul 2025 | 3.4% | 72,356 | 2,550 | 74,906 |
| Jun 2025 | 3.5% | 72,481 | 2,619 | 75,100 |
Industry detail
| Industry | Jobs | Share of private jobs | Avg. weekly wage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retail Trade | 6,973 | 19.3% | $795 |
| Accommodation & Food Services | 5,872 | 16.2% | $429 |
| Health Care & Social Assistance | 5,039 | 13.9% | $1,039 |
| Administrative & Waste Services | 3,253 | 9.0% | $765 |
| Construction | 3,061 | 8.5% | $1,278 |
| Manufacturing | 2,822 | 7.8% | $1,576 |
| Professional & Technical Services | 1,605 | 4.4% | $1,616 |
| Other Services | 1,476 | 4.1% | $846 |
| Educational Services | 945 | 2.6% | $902 |
| Finance & Insurance | 683 | 1.9% | $1,496 |
| Real Estate & Rental & Leasing | 622 | 1.7% | $1,033 |
| Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation | 356 | 1.0% | $538 |
| Information | 285 | 0.8% | $1,495 |
| Management of Companies | 121 | 0.3% | $934 |
Questions about the Columbia County economy
What is the unemployment rate in Columbia County, Georgia?
Columbia County’s unemployment rate was 3.1% in July 2026, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The statewide Georgia rate for the same month was 3.3%.
What is the median household income in Columbia County?
The median household income in Columbia County is $96,122, based on the 2019–2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau.
What is the largest industry in Columbia County?
By private-sector employment, the largest industry in Columbia County is Retail Trade, with about 6,973 jobs in 2025 (BLS QCEW annual average).
What is the median home value in Columbia County?
The median value of owner-occupied homes in Columbia County is $287,400 (2019–2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates). Median gross rent is $1,330 per month.
About this data
Unemployment, employment and labor-force figures come from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, which produces monthly estimates for every U.S. county by combining the national Current Population Survey with state unemployment-insurance claims and payroll data. County figures are not seasonally adjusted, so they rise and fall with seasonal patterns such as harvests, school calendars and holiday hiring — compare a month with the same month a year earlier rather than with the previous month. The most recent month is preliminary and is revised the following month.
Population, income, home value and rent come from the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates, which pool five years of survey responses to produce reliable figures for small counties. Jobs and wages by industry come from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), a near-complete count of jobs covered by unemployment insurance, reported by where people work rather than where they live. See About & methodology for more.